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Why Queen Elizabeth is the Duke of Lancaster
Despite her gender, the Queen is referred to as a Duke rather than a Duchess, and will be honored as such today.
“Today is Lancashire Day,” the Crown Chronicles tweeted, “marking the area’s first sending representatives to Parliament in 1295. During the day, you may hear a chorus of ‘Long live our noble Duke’ instead of ‘God Save The Queen,’ as the reigning Monarch’s title in that county is ‘Duke of Lancaster.'”
When John of Gaunt, the Second Duke of Lancaster, died in 1399, “his nephew King Richard II confiscated the Lancaster inheritance and banished John’s son, Henry Bolingbroke, from England for life,” according to the site.
Bolingbroke was back in just a year, and with an army at his back, forced his brother to abdicate “He ascended to the throne as Henry IV in October 1399. One of Henry’s first acts as King was to stipulate the conditions in which the Lancaster inheritance should be held, specifying that it should be held separately from all other Crown possessions, and should descend through the Monarchy as a private estate.
The Crown Lands Act of 1702 stipulated that the King or Queen would “only receive income and not capital from the Duchy,” and this has remained the case ever since—the Queen continues to receive income from the Duchy, which is kept separate from other Crown properties.
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